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Can you explain the Bergeron process that takes place in the winter at mid to high latitudes?

Can you explain the Bergeron process that takes place in the winter at mid to high latitudes?

The Bergeron-Findeisen process describes how ice crystals grow at the expense of supercooled water droplets in a water-saturated environment. This process is of particular importance in mid- to high latitudes where clouds routinely extend upward to subfreezing temperatures.

Does the Bergeron process occur in warm clouds?

The Collision and Coalescence Process! Unlike the Bergeron Process, where precipitation forms under supercooled conditions, the Collision and Coalescence Process typically occurs within relatively warm clouds with tops warmer than -15C.

How raindrops are made during the Bergeron process?

The Bergeron process often results in precipitation. As the crystals grow and fall, they pass through the base of the cloud, which may be above freezing. This causes the crystals to melt and fall as rain.

Where does the Bergeron process take place?

clouds
190). The Bergeron process is most important in clouds with temperatures below freezing. It involves interactions between ice particles, supercooled water, and water vapor – hence the name “three-phase process”).

What temperature conditions in clouds are required to form precipitation by the Bergeron process?

In cold clouds, precipitation-sized particles form by the Bergeron process. When the temperature in a cloud is between 0°C and -40°C, there exists a mixture of ice crystals and supercooled water droplets.

Can the Bergeron process take place in cold clouds?

The Bergeron process is most important in clouds with temperatures below freezing. It involves interactions between ice particles, supercooled water, and water vapor – hence the name “three-phase process”). Collision is self-explanatory. Liquid cloud droplets carried by air motions within a cloud can collide.

How do the growth processes of droplets in warm and cold clouds differ?

How do the growth processes of droplets in warm and cold clouds differ? Warm cloud droplets form through condensation and by collision-coalescence processes. The latter process is responsible for the formation of precipitation within these clouds.

What is the process by which precipitation forms from cold clouds?

Ice Phase Process. Ice crystals forming on a window at 30,000 feet (CC BY-SA 3.0). Outside of the tropics, the ice phase process of rain formation is the primary mechanism producing most of the worlds precipitation. The ice phase process occurs in cold clouds or clouds with temperatures below 0°C.

How does the ice crystal Bergeron process produce precipitation?

How did Walter Findeisen contribute to the Bergeron theory?

German meteorologist Walter Findeisen in the late 1930s provided additional measurements and calculations that helped to refine Bergeron’s theory into an accepted theory of precipitation formation (Harper, 2007).

What is Bergeron’s theory on the origin of ice on trees?

Being familiar with Wegener’s earlier work, Bergeron theorized that ice crystals on the tree branches were scavenging vapor from the supercooled stratus cloud, preventing it from reaching the ground.

What is the Bergeron theory of rain?

Bergeron theorized that this process could be responsible for all rain, even in tropical climates; a statement that caused quite a bit of disagreement between tropical and mid-latitude scientists. In the late 1930s, German meteorologist Walter Findeisen extended and refined Bergeron’s work through both theoretical and experimental work.

What is the Bergeron-Findeisen mechanism?

In atmosphere: Precipitation of ice …been referred to as the Bergeron-Findeisen mechanism, for Swedish meteorologists Tor Bergeron and Walter Findeisen, who introduced it in the 1930s. In this type of cloud, ice crystals can grow directly from the deposition of water vapour.

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