What are nursing considerations for ACE inhibitors?
What are nursing considerations for ACE inhibitors?
Nursing considerations Monitor her vital signs regularly and her WBC count and serum electrolytes, especially potassium level, periodically. Give potassium supplements and potassium-sparing diuretics cautiously because ACE inhibitors can cause potassium retention and hyperkalemia.
How do ACE inhibitors work pharmacology?
ACE inhibitors prevent an enzyme in the body from producing angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. This narrowing can cause high blood pressure and forces the heart to work harder. Angiotensin II also releases hormones that raise blood pressure.
What is the pharmacokinetics of ACE inhibitors?
The predominant elimination pathway of ACE inhibitors is excretion via the kidneys. Therefore, renal insufficiency is associated with reduced elimination of most ACE inhibitors and, thus, altered pharmacokinetic properties.
What should you check before giving an ACE inhibitor?
When you start on an ACE inhibitor, you will need blood tests to monitor your kidney function and potassium levels. Be aware: If you take an ACE inhibitor, keep a written log of your heart rate (pulse) and blood pressure. Track your heart rate by taking your pulse daily.
What are the contraindications of ACE inhibitors?
Contraindications to ACEI use include hyperkalemia (>5.5 mmol/L), renal artery stenosis, pregnancy (ACEI or Australian Drug Evaluation Committee [ADEC] pregnancy category D), or prior adverse reaction to an ACEI including angioedema.
What should nurse assess before administering lisinopril?
Assess blood pressure periodically and compare to normal values (See Appendix F) to help document antihypertensive effects. Report low blood pressure (hypotension), especially if patient experiences dizziness or syncope.
Do ACE inhibitors reduce preload and afterload?
ACE inhibitors reduce afterload, preload, and systolic wall stress100 –109 such that cardiac output increases without an increase in heart rate. ACE inhibitors promote salt excretion by augmenting renal blood flow and by reducing the production of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.
How are ACE inhibitors absorbed?
ACE inhibitors are given orally and are variably absorbed. Most ACEIs are administered as prodrugs and are metabolized in the liver into active forms to mediate their inhibition of ACE. There is one form of intravenous ACE inhibitor, enalaprilat, which is used occasionally for hypertensive crises.
What are the contraindications for ACE inhibitors?
Absolute Contraindications Any patient with a history of angioneurotic edema, whether related to an ACE inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blockers, or another cause, should not be given an ACE inhibitor. Other contraindications include pregnancy, renal artery stenosis, and previous allergy to ACE inhibitors.
When Should ACE inhibitors be avoided?
Patients with aortic valve stenosis: ACE inhibitors reduce afterload and lead to severe hypotension, so these patients should not receive ACE inhibitors. Patient with hypovolemia: ACE inhibitors can worsen dehydration and hypovolemia, so these patients should not receive treatment with ACE inhibitors.
What is the most common adverse effect of an ACE inhibitor?
ACE inhibitors block the breakdown of bradykinin, causing levels of this protein to rise and blood vessels to widen (vasodilation). Increased bradykinin levels are also responsible for the most common side effect of ACE inhibitor treatment; a dry cough.
When are ACE inhibitors used?
ACE inhibitors are used to treat a number of heart-related conditions, including high blood pressure, heart failure, heart attack, and preventing kidney damage associated with high blood pressure and diabetes.
What are nursing interventions for lisinopril?
Interventions
- Implement aerobic exercise and cardiac conditioning programs to augment drug therapy and maintain or improve cardiovascular pump function.
- Use caution during aerobic exercise and endurance conditioning in patients with heart failure or recovering from MI.
What are the nursing implications for lisinopril?
Possible Lisinopril Nursing Diagnoses
- Risk for Impaired Renal Perfusion related to the mechanism of action of lisinopril.
- Risk for Electrolyte Imbalance (Hyperkalemia) related to the possible side effect of lisinopril.
- Nausea related to the side effect of lisinopril.
- Deficient Knowledge related to a new drug prescription.
Why do ACE inhibitors cause hyperkalemia?
Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels in the blood) ACE inhibitors lower the levels of aldosterone, thereby promoting potassium retention in the kidneys and bloodstream. People with diabetes and kidney disease are at increased risk of hyperkalemia so ACE inhibitors must be used with caution in these patients.
How do ACE inhibitors cause vasodilation?
ACE inhibitors produce vasodilation by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II. This vasoconstrictor is formed by the proteolytic action of renin (released by the kidneys) acting on circulating angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme.
What do ACE inhibitors do to potassium levels?
ACE inhibitors and ARBs reduce proteinuria by lowering the intraglomerular pressure, reducing hyperfiltration. These drugs tend to raise the serum potassium level and reduce the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Why do ACE inhibitors cause acute renal failure?
During ACEI initiation, renal dysfunction can occur due to a drop in renal perfusion pressure and subsequent decrease in glomerular filtration. This is attributed to the drug’s preferential vasodilation of the renal efferent arteriole, which impairs the kidney’s ability to compensate for low perfusion states.
What is contraindication of ACE inhibitors?
What medications are ACE inhibitor?
Benazepril (Lotensin)
What drugs are ACE inhibitors?
The report assesses the active Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor pipeline products by developmental stage, product type, molecule type, and administration route. Provides a snapshot of the therapeutics pipeline activity for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
What are some names of ACE inhibitors?
benazepril (Lotensin)
What should I know about ACE inhibitors?
Dry cough
