What is Caseous pneumonia?

Caseous pneumonia is a clinical X-ray form of infiltrative TB or a complication of the acute progression of fibro-cavitary TB. Aim of stady is evaluation of features and treatment outcome in CP. A retrospective study included 95 patients with CP.

How is TB pneumonia treated?

First-line drugs include rifampicin, streptomycin, isoniazid, etc. Second-line drugs include kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, ethionamide, etc. [56]. TB treatment requires a combination of multiple antibiotics with a treatment cycle of 6–9 months or even 2 years.

What is difference between TB and pneumonia?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially fatal and contagious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Other bacteria can cause pneumonia. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs that is caused by infectious organisms or chemical or physical irritants, where pneumo- stands for air, gas, or lungs.

What is Tuberculoma of the lungs?

A pulmonary tuberculoma is a well-circumscribed nodule or a mass located in the lungs and caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1. Pathologically, it is a caseous mass encapsulated by multiple concentric layers of connective tissue without surrounding inflammation or spread 2, 3.

What does caseous mean?

cheeselike
adjective. cheeselike, especially in appearance, smell, or consistency: The infant’s caseous vomit was reported to the pediatrician.

What causes caseous necrosis?

Caseous necrosis is a type of cell death that causes tissues to become “cheese-like” in appearance. The most common cause is tuberculosis, where granulomas form in your lungs. Conditions that cause caseous necrosis are preventable and treatable.

Which drug is used to treat cases of tuberculosis?

Isoniazid (INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. You typically take an isoniazid antibiotic pill daily for 9 months. Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane): You take this antibiotic each day for 4 months. It’s an option if you have side effects or contraindications to INH.

How is tuberculosis treated by antibiotics?

The most common treatment for active TB is isoniazid INH in combination with three other drugs—rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. You may begin to feel better only a few weeks after starting to take the drugs but treating TB takes much longer than other bacterial infections.

What is the best antibiotic to treat pneumonia?

In otherwise uncomplicated pneumonia, azithromycin is the initial drug of choice, as it covers most of the potential etiologic agents, including Mycoplasma species.

What are the 4 stages of pneumonia?

Stages of Pneumonia

• Stage 1: Congestion. During the congestion phase, the lungs become very heavy and congested due to infectious fluid that has accumulated in the air sacs.
• Stage 2: Red hepatization.
• Stage 3: Gray hepatization.
• Stage 4: Resolution.

How is tuberculoma treated?

The usual treatment is:

1. 2 antibiotics (isoniazid and rifampicin) for 6 months.
2. 2 additional antibiotics (pyrazinamide and ethambutol) for the first 2 months of the 6-month treatment period.

Can tuberculoma be cured?

With treatment, TB can almost always be cured. A course of antibiotics will usually need to be taken for 6 months. Several different antibiotics are used because some forms of TB are resistant to certain antibiotics.

What is caseous discharge?

Caseous: Cheeselike. In caseous lymphadenitis, the lymph nodes turn into a soft, dry, crumbly mass resembling cheese, usually due to tuberculosis or a related infection. From caseum, the Latin word for cheese.

What are caseous lesions?

Caseous lesions consist of necrotic cellular debris surrounded by a zone of suppurative inflammation. Depending on the duration of the lesions, they may be partially encapsulated by fibrous tissue.

What is the difference between Caseating and Noncaseating granuloma?

Caseating granulomas are formed by infections, such as tuberculosis and fungal infections. Noncaseating granulomas may be formed by an inflammatory condition (e.g., sarcoidosis and Crohn disease), vasculitis, and exposure to foreign objects. Formation of granulomas is characteristic of certain diseases.

Can caseous necrosis be cured?

The events following necrosis depend on the rate at which an effective epithelioid granulomatous reaction develops. An unusual case of late-stage CL harboring foci of caseous necrosis with no demonstrable organisms has been reported. Healing is often relatively rapid once necrosis has occurred.

Which is the first antibiotic used to treat the tuberculosis?

The first line of inquiry was the development of antibiotics from the first antibiotic (penicillin) to the first antibiotic successfully used to treat tuberculosis (streptomycin) (7, 8).

What antibiotics are effective against TB?

Treatment of tuberculosis is done with a combination of many antibiotics. This includes rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for the first two months followed by rifampicin and isoniazid for the last four months. Thus the correct answer is option (B) Rifampicin.

Which is powerful antibiotic against tuberculosis?

Thus the correct answer is option (B) Rifampicin.

Why is amoxicillin not effective TB?

This is because TB bacteria are naturally resistant to this class. TB bacteria inherently produce an enzyme called beta-lactamase which breaks down beta-lactam class of antibiotics (through hydrolysis) and makes the drug ineffective against TB disease.