What is deasphalting unit?

Deasphalting is a chemical process that separates asphalt and other compounds from petroleum products. It is part of the refining process used to break crude oil down into various components of commercial value. Each barrel of oil can yield a variety of useful products which can be sold after separation.

What is CDU unit in refinery?

The crude oil distillation unit (CDU) is the first processing unit in virtually all petroleum refineries and one of the most critical. The CDU distills the incoming crude oil into various fractions of different boiling ranges, each of which are then processed further in the other refining processing units.

What is hydrocracker unit in refinery?

A hydrocracking unit, or hydrocracker, takes gas oil, which is heavier and has a higher boiling range than distillate fuel oil, and cracks the heavy molecules into distillate and gasoline in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst.

Why do refineries need desalting units?

In a refinery, crude oil containing high levels of salt will go through a desalter before being fed to the atmospheric distillation tower. Removal of salts is important for reducing corrosion in the distillation tower and downstream processing units.

What is the main objective of the deasphalting process?

The two objectives of the deasphalting process are: Produce asphalt – as final product. Remove asphaltenes to prevent coke, or metal buildup on catalyst in further processing of DAO.

What solvent is used in deasphalting process?

During the SDA process, the feed is mixed with a light paraffinic solvent such as propane (propane-deasphalting), and the oil is solubilized in the solvent.

What is HCU in refinery?

In a Refinery the Hydrocracking Process which occurs in the Hydrocracker Unit (HCU) is a type of hydro processing operation where heavy oil is cracked in the presence of a catalyst and Hydrogen to give cleaner fuels.

What is SGP in refinery?

The Shell Gasification Process (SGP), originally developed by Shell in the 1950s, has found wide application in the production of synthesis gas front liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons throughout the world. Since commercialization in 1956, over 170 SGP reactors have been built in 80 different plants.

What is importance of FCC Rfcc & hydrocracker unit in a refinery in BS VI scenario?

In a refinery, the hydrocracker upgrades VGO through cracking while injecting hydrogen. This yields a high volume of high-quality diesel and kerosene product. This is in contrast to the FCC, which uses the same feed (VGO) but produces more and better-quality gasoline.

What is a Hydrobon unit?

Naphtha Hydrobon Unit This unit is designed to hydro-treat the Heavy Naphtha fraction produced in Crude Distillation Units of the Lube and Fuel refineries. Sulphur, Nitrogen and Organo-metallic compunds are poisons for reforming catalyst hence removed by Hydro treating Naphtha.

What is the purpose of desalting process in crude oil refining?

Desalting is the first refining process applied to crude oil. The process removes salt, water and solid particles that would otherwise lead to operational problems during refining such as corrosion, fouling of equipment, or poisoning of catalysts.

How is desalting done?

Desalting involves mixing heated crude oil with washing water, using a mixing valve or static mixers to ensure a proper contact between the crude oil and the water, and then passing it to a separating vessel, where a proper separation between the aqueous and organic phases is achieved.

Why is propane A preferred solvent in the deasphalting of lube oil?

So the lube oil and propane mixture is separated from asphalt. Then this mixture is heated up to the critical temperature of propane and that temperature the propane becomes insoluble in lube oil. This is the reason why propane is used in deasphalting of lube oil.

What is SDA in oil and gas?

The upgrading of atmospheric residue (AR) or vacuum residues (VR) into light distillates (naphtha, diesel oil, VGO, DAO) is the solution to eliminate the increasing excess of heavy fuels and to satisfy the increasing demand for higher value transportation fuels.

What is Duqm project?

Duqm Refinery, also known as OQ8, is the largest joint venture project between two Gulf countries in the field of refineries and petrochemicals. OQ8 is a 50:50 joint venture between Oman’s OQ and Kuwait Petroleum International.

How do I start a refinery business?

You would require many licences and certifications to start an edible oil refinery plant and sell oil of which some are mandatory and others are voluntary. The licences issued by FSSAI and BIS from the Government of India are mandatory for all kinds of food-related businesses including the oil refinery.

What is resid FCC Rfcc?

Resid FCC operations differ from conventional VGO FCC operations in several important ways: feed characteristics, operating conditions, catalyst and equipment design. RFCC feed characteristics. Resid is the heaviest fraction in the barrel of crude oil boiling at the highest temperatures.

What is Petro FCC?

The Petro-FCC process is licensed by UOP. The process gives the highest yield of propylene, lighter olefins and aromatics for petrochemical operation from feedstocks which can include conventional FCC feeds and residual feeds. The feed comes in contact with the blended catalyst in the riser under sever condition.

What are the different units in a refinery?

It consists of tankage, a distillation unit, recovery facilities for gases and light hydrocarbons, and the necessary utility systems (steam, power, and water-treatment plants).

What are the units in refinery?

Processing Units of Oil Refinery

• Crude Oil Distillation Unit. Crude Oil Distillation Unit (CDU): is the first processing unit in virtually all oil refineries.
• Vacuum Distillation Unit.
• Diesel Hydrotreating Unit.
• Semi-regenerative Reforming.
• Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit.
• Sulfur Recovery Unit.
• Isomerization Unit.

How are asphalt and deasphalted oil (DAO) separated in a refinery?

In refinery practice, only one stage of separation is used using the lightest solvent (e.g., propane) to produce asphalt and deasphalted oil (DAO) fractions, as discussed later in this section.

What is deasphalting and dewaxing process in petroleum refinery?

Configuration of deasphalting and dewaxing processes in a petroleum refinery. The two objectives of the deasphalting process are: Produce asphalt – as final product. Remove asphaltenes to prevent coke, or metal buildup on catalyst in further processing of DAO.

What is the product of deasphalting?

Product: Deasphalted oil, etc. Solvent deasphalting is a petroleum refining process for processing heavy oil. The process uses heavy oil such as vacuum residue as raw material, and extracts hydrocarbons such as propane and butane as solvent.

Why is deasphalting a carbon rejection process?

Because of the low H/C ratio of asphaltenes and resins, the deasphalting process can be considered as a “carbon rejection” process, yielding a high H/C ratio product (i.e., oil) after removing the asphaltenes and resins, as, typically, lower value byproducts. Figure 5.5. Solvent fractionation of vacuum distillation residue (VDR).