What is the pathophysiology of salbutamol?

Salbutamol relaxes the smooth muscles of all airways, from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles. Salbutamol acts as a functional antagonist to relax the airway irrespective of the spasmogen involved, thus protecting against all bronchoconstrictor challenges.

Is hypokalemia adverse effect of salbutamol?

It has been suggested that salbutamol has lesser hypokalemic effects than other beta 2-agonists. 3 Recent studies have shown that nebulized salbutamol can induce symptom- atic hypokalemia in adults4 and children5,6 at conven- tional doses.

What is the action of salbutamol?

Salbutamol is used to relieve symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) such as coughing, wheezing and feeling breathless. It works by relaxing the muscles of the airways into the lungs, which makes it easier to breathe. Salbutamol comes in an inhaler (puffer).

Why Salbutamol is contraindicated in hypertension?

As a adrenoceptor agonist, salbutamol can in a small number of cases induce adverse cardiovascular effects such as hypertension ( in 3% of patients), angina ( in less than 1%), or arrhythmia exacerbation or precipitation, particularly in patients already suffering from some form of cardiovascular disease.

What is salbutamol toxicity?

The diagnosis of salbutamol toxicity can be made based on clinical and laboratory findings as illustrated in our case. At high therapeutic doses, salbutamol can cause tachycardia, tremors, and hypokalemia. In overdose, salbutamol can additionally cause hyperglycemia, lactic acidosis, and cardiac arrhythmias.

How does salbutamol decrease potassium?

Used a second line management in the treatment of hyperkalaemia when a glucose / insulin infusion is inappropriate or has been unsuccessful in lowering serum potassium levels. Salbutamol reduces serum potassium levels by increasing the shift of extracellular potassium into the intracelluar space.

Why does salbutamol cause hyperkalemia?

Salbutamol reduces serum potassium levels by increasing the shift of extracellular potassium into the intracelluar space.

How much salbutamol should I take for hyperkalemia?

Inhalation therapy with salbutamol for hyperkalemia requires a dose of ≥ 10 mg, delivered over a period of 10 to 30 min. Treatment of hyperkalemia using intravenous and nebulized salbutamol.

What is the side effects of salbutamol?

What are the possible side effects of salbutamol?

• headache.
• feeling nervous, restless, excitable and/or shaky.
• fast, slow or uneven heartbeat.
• bad taste in the mouth.
• dry mouth.
• sore throat and cough.
• inability to sleep.

What are the contraindication of salbutamol?

When should Salbutamol not be taken? (Contraindications) Contraindicated in patients with high blood pressure during pregnancy, uterine infection, miscarriage, heart disease, and hypersensitivity.

What are the risks of salbutamol?

The most common adverse reactions associated with use of salbutamol inhalation aerosol are palpitations (occurring in less than 10% of patients), sinus tachycardia (less than 10%), anxiety (less than 10%), tremors (less than 15% of patients) and increased blood pressure (approximately 5%), occasionally resulting in …